Golf rangefinder teardown

Anatomy of a golf laser rangefinder

A golf rangefinder is the four subsystems the other ranging products carry - the emitter, the detector, the optics between them and the electronics that time the round trip - plus a fifth one they do not have: the tilt sensor and the display that turn a distance into a number the player can hit. Pick a part from the bill of materials and drop it on the unit; every parameter comes with the catalogue parts that carry it.

How to use this page
  1. 1Pick a part from the bill of materials.
  2. 2Drop it on the module, or just click the card.
  3. 3Read its job, its parameters and the part numbers behind them.

Bill of materials

Every part, one optical budget. Drag a card onto the photo, or click it - the panel beside it fills in with that part's parameters.

A handheld golf laser rangefinder, three-quarter view: two apertures at the front left, the ocular at the right, a control ridge along the top

Drag a part here or click a card in the bill of materials

A handheld golf rangefinder, three-quarter view. The two apertures at the front left are the transmit and receive windows, the ocular is at the right, and the control ridge runs along the top.

Component positions are a teaching diagram, not an assembly drawing: the placement and the exploded view are indicative. Parameter values are those of the linked specification.

Every part, parameter by parameter

The same numbers the interactive view shows, in tables you can read, search and quote.

905 nm laser diode Transmitter

Emits the ranging pulse. On a golf unit peak power, pulse width and divergence are chosen for a few hundred metres and for thousands of measurements on one battery, so the compact end of the family is where the design starts - not the highest peak power on the list.

905 nm laser diode - Laser Diode | edge emitter
Peak wavelength 905 nm (895 - 915 nm)
Peak output power 15 - 600 W
Pulse energy @ 100 ns 1.5 - 30 uJ
Beam divergence, FWHM 9 x 25 deg bare | 9 x 6 deg FAC
Pulse width 1 - 100 ns (max 100 ns)
Duty cycle, max 0.1 %
Repetition rate up to 10 kHz
Package TO56 | bare die | VCSEL array
Est. range, retro-reflective (40 W) 755 m
Est. range, diffuse target (40 W) 250 m

Avalanche photodiode Receiver

Sets how weak a return the product can still trust. On a short-range unit the small-area packages are the right choice: less dark current and less capacitance than a large area, which is what keeps the timing edge sharp.

Avalanche photodiode - Avalanche photodiode | receive channel
Response spectrum 400 - 1100 nm
Wavelength 905 nm
Active area 230 um TO-46 | 500 um LCC ceramic
Responsivity 80 A/W @ M=100
Response time 0.5 ns
Dark current 0.4 nA @ M=100
Total capacitance 1.0 pF @ M=100
Optimum gain 100
Reverse breakdown voltage 100 - 200 V
Optical filter 905 nm spike filter
Package TO-46 | LCC1 / LCC2 ceramic

Emit / receive optics Optical path

Splits the light: the transmit aperture has to get the pulse out inside the receive aperture's field of view, and the receive aperture has to collect enough of the return without also collecting the transmitter's own glare.

Emit / receive optics - Ocular, apertures and ranging path
Optical channels 2 ranging (transmit + receive) + observation path
Windows on the front face 2
Transmit beam, bare 25 deg
Transmit beam, FAC 6 deg
Receive aperture / focal length Set by your optical design Set by your design
Transmission To be confirmed against the drawing and a test band Set by your design
Receive filtering 905 nm spike filter at the detector

Drive and timing Electronics

Turns a stored capacitor into a nanosecond current pulse and turns the detector's edge back into a number. On a golf unit it also has to hold calibration across temperature, because the whole product is judged on repeatability.

Drive and timing - Driver and ToF timing
Peak pulse current 70 A
Pulse width 50 ns - 1 us adjustable
Repetition rate 1 kHz - 30 kHz adjustable
Rise time 7.5 ns typical
Fall time 12 ns typical
Supply voltage 12 V DC
Laser drive voltage 1 - 50 V DC
Control interface Internal trigger / external TTL
Factory default 100 ns @ 3 kHz, internal trigger
Detector bias 100 - 200 V reverse, temperature compensated Set by your design

Tilt and display Interface

Adds the two things a plain rangefinder does not have - an angle, and a readable number. Which of the straight-line distance, the angle and a compensated distance the unit shows is a product decision, and a regulated one in some competitions.

Tilt and display - Slope compensation and readout
Tilt measurement range To be confirmed: product specification Set by your design
Angle accuracy / resolution To be confirmed: specification and calibration conditions Set by your design
Slope compensation To be confirmed: whether this model supports it and how it is switched Set by your design
Display type / readout To be confirmed: LCD, OLED or a projected reticle Set by your design
Buttons and modes To be confirmed: product definition Set by your design
Indicator channel Optional visible laser - see the parts below

Every parameter value on this page is pulled from the catalogue record that renders the linked product page, so the two cannot disagree.

Parts behind these parameters

Every figure below is read from the same catalogue record that renders the product page. Nothing on this page is retyped.

This unit is the 905 nm / pulsed / short-range scenario

Run the selector with application = rangefinder, wavelength = 905 nm and output = pulsed, then keep the peak power low: a flag is a cooperative target a few hundred metres away, so the transmit chain below is taken from the compact end of the family. The catalogue carries the same four subsystems up to 1.6 km and 2.1 km if the product has to grow, and an eye-safe 1535 nm chain if it has to.

Tell us the range, the target and the size limit

A golf rangefinder is the tightest package in the ranging family: one battery, a few hundred metres and a number on a screen. Send us the range you need and the space you have, and we come back with the transmit chain, the receiver and the optics between them.

Ask an engineer